It might be that I cut myself cooking this morning and i'm kind of groggy, but this Marx passage is really making me 
this post was submitted on 28 Aug 2023
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chapotraphouse
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It's talking about child labour. Pre-capitalism the children and women did domestic work while the husband earned the primary income. Capitalism replaced domestic products with commodities that increased the cost of living. This was offset by increasing the number of family members earning the primary income. Spatially the husband, wife, and 2 children now occupy the role the husband used to and experience four simultaneous work days to earn the same effective income.
The unit in which surplus value is calculated is always a fraction, i.e. the given part of a day which exactly represents the price of labour. If that is = 1/2, then the increase in the productive force = the reduction of necessary labour to 1/4; if it is = 1/3, then reduction of necessary labour to 1/6; hence in the first, the total surplus value = 3/4; in the second = 5/6; the relative surplus value, i.e. relative to that present before, in the first case = 1/4, in the second = 2/6 or 1/3.
The numbers don't lie, and they spell disaster for the labor you sacrifice