this post was submitted on 14 Jul 2025
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https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ace3db
at 2% leakage rates, NG is as impactful in GHGs as coal when scrubbed at moderate efficiency for SO2. Most (by small margin) coal generators use scrubbers.
US "upstream" (wells + pipelines) infrastructure leaks more than 1%, and combustion/valves/compressors, and just satellite measurements of upstream infrastructure measures at least 2% accross US.
LNG exports to Europe (less than Asia due to shorter distance) adds 40%+ to emissions just from liquefaction process, with more energy/leakage from defrosting and local pipelines, relative to domestic coal alternatives. Specialized ship building and LNG plant construction also means more emmissions in related infrastructure.
NG does make far less local air pollution, mostly because SO2 scrubbers suck, but NG is not green energy, and its emissions are not properly accounted for.